摘要
改革开放以来，国内外众多科研组织和机构开始申请在中国领海、内水和其他管辖水域开展海洋科学研究。由于《联合国海洋法公约》（以下简称“公约”）中一些有争议的概念的模糊性以及科学技术的快速发展，中国涉外海洋科学研究管理在实践中面临着法律挑战。例如，测量活动是否属于海洋科学研究，如何管理有争议地区的涉外海洋科学研究，如何规范涉外海洋浮标的测量活动等争议不断。本文对中国涉外海洋科学研究管理的法律问题进行了分析，并提出了对测量活动进行法律规制、对有争议地区的海洋科学研究进行联合审批和执法，制定涉外海洋浮标相关法规等解决方案。
关键词： 海洋科学研究；管理法规；测量活动；争议海域；海洋浮标
Abstract
Since the reform and opening up of China, numerous research organizations and institutions, both domestic and international, have started seeking permission to carry out marine scientific research in China's territorial sea, internal waters, and other jurisdictional waters. Due to the ambiguity of certain controversial concepts in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (hereinafter referred to as "the Convention") and the rapid advancements in science and technology, the management of foreign-related marine scientific research in China faces legal challenges in practice. For example, there are ongoing disputes regarding whether surveying activities fall within the scope of marine scientific research, how to manage foreign-related marine scientific research in disputed areas, and how to regulate the surveying activities of foreign-related marine buoys. This paper analyzes the legal issues concerning the management of foreign-related marine scientific research in China. It proposes solutions such as legal regulation of measurement activities, joint approval and enforcement of marine scientific research in disputed areas, and the formulation of relevant regulations on foreign-related marine buoys.
Key words： Marine Scientific Research; Management Regulations; Measurement activities; Disputed Sea Area; Marine buoys
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